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LOJ Medical Sciences
Biotechnology Plays a Significant Role to Control Insect Pests of Agricultural Crops
2018 •
Burhan Ahmad
CRISPR-Cas Genome Editing for Insect Pest Stress Management in Crop Plants
Moutoshi Chakraborty
Global crop yield and food security are being threatened by phytophagous insects. Innovative methods are required to increase agricultural output while reducing reliance on hazardous synthetic insecticides. It appears to be quite effective at reducing production costs and boosting farm profitability to use the ground-breaking CRISPR-Cas technology to create plants that are insect resistant. In contrast, this new technique can modify an insect's genome to either produce gene drive or get beyond an insect's tolerance to various insecticides. This paper reviews and critically discusses the use of CRISPR-Cas genome editing technology in long-term insect pest management. The emphasis of this review is on the prospective uses of the CRISPR-Cas system for insect stress management in crop production by creating genome-edited crops and insects. The potential and difficulties of using CRISPR-Cas technology to reduce pest stress in crop plants are critically examined and discussed.
Journal of Biosciences
Genetic engineering of crops for insect resistance: An overview
2020 •
Ashwini Talakayala
Phytophagous insect incidence is a serious threat for reduction of crop productivity globally. There is an estimation of one fourth of crop is being destroyed by insects annually. Indeed, the development of insect-resistant crops is a great milestone in agriculture to increase crop yield and reduce pesticide dependency. Genetic engineering facilitates development of insect resistant crops by expressing bacterial δ-endotoxins and vegetative insecticidal proteins and other plant genes like lectins, protease inhibitors, etc. In addition, RNA interference and genome editing through CRISPR Cas9 also provides new solutions for the development of insect-resistant crops. The resultant genetically modified crops showed resistance against lepidopteran, dipteran, hom*opteran and coleopteran insects. The insect-resistant crops have made a significant economic impact worldwide in terms of higher yield and low pesticide usage. In this review, we focus on different strategies for developing transge...
Indian Journal of Plant Protection
Status of Genetically Engineered Insect Pest Resistant Crops and Related Biosafety Concerns
2007 •
kavita Gupta
The era of modern plant biotechnology has provided eco-friendly approaches for pest management by genetic engineering of plants for pest resistance particularly insects. Transgenic plants engineered to contain genes for pest resistance were first field tested in 1988 and started being grown commercially since 1995. From 1995–2006, the commercial planting of transgenic pest resistant plants has increased rapidly. Of this a large percentage is of pest resistant crops containing the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene, conferring protection from certain insect pests. Three commercial transgenic crops viz., cotton, maize and potato have so far been introduced with Bt genes for insect control. Many other crops are also being engineered to express the Bt toxin. In India, only Bt cotton (resistant against cotton bollworm) is approved with cry1Ac; cry1Ac & cry2Ab genes. Currently, about 300 institutions in India are engaged in research on transgenics, developing crops resistant to different pe...
Genetic Engineering of Crop Plants
Genetic Engineering of Crops for Insect Resistance Using Genes of Plant Origin
1990 •
Mallikarjuna Garladinne
BIOTICA
Genetically Modified Crops: Prospects, Risk and Precautions
2021 •
Dr. Sitesh Chatterjee
Since the establishment of civilization, people are using agricultural elements as their basics for survival. After the initiation of the process domestication, humans have adopted numerous process and techniques for cultivation. During the process of commercial cultivation from the early times to till date, plant protection is an integral aspect. Day by day, much process has been adopted to manage the insect-pests infestation from crop filed. In modern days Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is the widely accepted process of insect-pest management, as the non-judicious and excess application of only chemical technique can lead to biomagnifications including other issues to the ecology which is hazardous to the environment as well as expensive. Presently conventional techniques are also in practice to control the insect-pests. Beside this, genetically engineered crop, also known as transgenic crop or genetically modified organisms (GMOs), can be a better option for insect-pest control in future. This technique is commercially used in India on cotton crops where highest pesticide is consumed to manage american boll worm. In this process, alien gene insertion has been carried out to make the crop species resistant to a target insect using the genetic engineering process. Still, there are some issues regarding the commercial application of GMOs as it may create health issues because of its transgenic properties. There is a huge opportunity that strategic research shall surely open a new horizon for the commercial use of GMOs in management of insect-pest.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Elevating crop disease resistance with cloned genes
2014 •
Walter Verweij
ACS Omega
Genome Editing for Resistance to Insect Pests: An Emerging Tool for Crop Improvement
2020 •
Manjesh Saakre
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
CRISPR: Boon for agriculture
2018 •
Ritu Saxena
Humans have been improving the yield and disease resistance of crop for hundreds of years through traditional agricultural methods. Targeted genome engineering also known as genome editing has emerged as an alternative to classical plant breeding and transgenic (GMO) methods to improve crop plants and ensure sustainable food production. The CRISPR/Cas system has emerged as a powerful tool to create targeted mutations in plants. CRISPR/Cas is a microbial adaptive immune system that uses RNA-guided nucleases to cleave foreign genetic elements. This technology can be used to investigate the function of a gene of interest or to correct gene mutations in cells via genome editing. The technique is extremely simple, economical and versatile in many applications with minor modifications. This simple, affordable, and elegant genetic scalpel is expected to be widely applied to enhance the agricultural performance of most crops in the near future.
Current Scenario of RNA Interference-Based Control of Insect and Mite Pests of Fruit Crops
Gurbachan Miglani
